[122] The Baedeker guide in 1878 called it "the most celebrated work of Leonardo in the Louvre",[123] but the painting was known more by the intelligentsia than the general public. In 2004–05, a conservation and study team replaced the maple crosspieces with sycamore ones, and an additional metal crosspiece was added for scientific measurement of the panel's warp. To compensate for fluctuations in relative humidity, the case is supplemented with a bed of silica gel treated to provide 55% relative humidity. Other experts, including Zöllner and Kemp, deny the attribution. Scholars have noted that the Mona Lisa is in fairly good condition for its age. The Mona Lisa is a 16th century oil painting that hangs in the Musée du Louvre or the Louvre Museum in Paris, France. [63], The first and most extensive recorded cleaning, revarnishing, and touch-up of the Mona Lisa was an 1809 wash and revarnishing undertaken by Jean-Marie Hooghstoel, who was responsible for restoration of paintings for the galleries of the Musée Napoléon. Because of the way the human eye processes visual information, it is less suited to pick up shadows directly; however, peripheral vision can pick up shadows well. It is a painting of the same subject as Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa. Leonardo, later in his life, is said to have regretted "never having completed a single work". Have you ever wondered why the Mona Lisa is widely considered to be the best painting in the world? In 1985, the spot was again treated with carbon tetrachloride as a preventive measure. About this we are now certain. It was painted sometime between 1503 and 1519, when Leonardo was living in Florence, and it now hangs in the Louvre Museum, Paris, where it remained an object of pilgrimage in the 21st century. [142] Some experts, including Frank Zöllner, Martin Kemp and Luke Syson denied the attribution to Leonardo;[143][144] professors such as Salvatore Lorusso, Andrea Natali,[145] and John F Asmus supported it;[146] others like Alessandro Vezzosi and Carlo Pedretti were uncertain. Both were later exonerated. [74] The painting presents a woman in half-body portrait, which has as a backdrop a distant landscape. This became madonna, and its contraction mona. Did you know that “Mona Lisa” is not her real name? Iconic portrait of the Italian Renaissance, and one of the Greatest Paintings Ever. The painting is of Monna Lisa, the wife of Francesco del Giocondo, which is why the painting is also referred to as La Gioconda . The Mona Lisa (/ˌmoʊnə ˈliːsə/; Italian: Monna Lisa [ˈmɔnna ˈliːza] or La Gioconda [la dʒoˈkonda], French: La Joconde [la ʒɔkɔ̃d]) is a half-length portrait painting by the Italian Renaissance artist Leonardo da Vinci that has been described as "the best known, the most visited, the most written about, the most sung about, the most parodied work of art in the world". [96], The Mona Lisa has survived for more than 500 years, and an international commission convened in 1952 noted that "the picture is in a remarkable state of preservation. It was painted by the Leonardo Da Vinci, the famous Italian artist, between 1504 and 1519, and is a half body commission for a woman named Lisa Gherardini. Moreover, the sensuous curves of the sitter’s hair and clothing are echoed in the shapes of the valleys and rivers behind her. The Mona Lisa was then returned to the Louvre in 1913. Omissions? [14], The Mona Lisa bears a strong resemblance to many Renaissance depictions of the Virgin Mary, who was at that time seen as an ideal for womanhood. Leonardo da Vinci’s Mona Lisa is undoubtedly the world’s most recognised painting, it is also the most famous portrait in the world. T he painting is small, only 77 x 53 cm, and the colors used are dim. [18][20] In French, the title La Joconde has the same meaning. For such a famous painting, it is surprisingly small; it measures just 30 inches by 21 inches (77 cm by 53 cm). Some scholars suggested that disguising himself as a woman was the artist’s riddle. The sense of overall harmony achieved in the painting—especially apparent in the sitter’s faint smile—reflects Leonardo’s idea of the cosmic link connecting humanity and nature, making this painting an enduring record of Leonardo’s vision. Winding paths and a distant bridge give only the slightest indications of human presence. During the 20th century it was an object for mass reproduction, merchandising, lampooning and speculation, and was claimed to have been reproduced in "300 paintings and 2,000 advertisements". However, since its restoration in 2012, it is considered to have been executed by one of Leonardo's pupils in his studio at the same time as Mona Lisa was being painted. The edges of the painting have been trimmed at least once in its history to fit the picture into various frames, but no part of the original paint layer has been trimmed. In 1952, the varnish layer over the background in the painting was evened out. I t surely goes without saying that it is the most recognizable and famous painting… Get the best deals on Mona Lisa Painting when you shop the largest online selection at eBay.com. [133], In 2014, a France 24 article suggested that the painting could be sold to help ease the national debt, although it was noted that the Mona Lisa and other such art works were prohibited from being sold due to French heritage law, which states that "Collections held in museums that belong to public bodies are considered public property and cannot be otherwise. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Mona-Lisa-painting, Public Broadcasting Service- Treasures of the World - Hope Diamond, Marvel at the lengths gone to discover the identity of Leonardo's subject for his Renaissance masterpiece. That interpretation was put forth by, among others, Sigmund Freud, who seemed to think that the Mona Lisa’s mysterious smile emerged from a—perhaps unconscious—memory of Caterina’s smile. About two years, the spot of the painting was an absolute vagueness as media reporting globally gave a possible explanation for its disappearance. "[109], Early commentators such as Vasari and André Félibien praised the picture for its realism, but by the Victorian era, writers began to regard the Mona Lisa as imbued with a sense of mystery and romance. [29], The depiction of the sitter in three-quarter profile is similar to late 15th-century works by Lorenzo di Credi and Agnolo di Domenico del Mazziere. [141] It is a painting of the same subject as Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa. The insurance was not purchased; instead, more was spent on security. Denizard also retouched the edges of the picture with varnish, to mask areas that had been covered initially by an older frame. [25][26][27] The consensus of art historians in the 21st century maintains the long-held traditional opinion that the painting depicts Lisa del Giocondo. 1506). Leonardo's assistant Salaì, at his death in 1524, owned a portrait which in his personal papers was named la Gioconda, a painting bequeathed to him by Leonardo. The poplar panel shows some evidence of warping from resistance to its original frame and to braces added by early restorers. The model, Lisa del Giocondo,[16][17] was a member of the Gherardini family of Florence and Tuscany, and the wife of wealthy Florentine silk merchant Francesco del Giocondo. This flexible frame, which is used in addition to the decorative frame described below, exerts pressure on the panel to keep it from warping further. Some researchers claim that it was common at this time for genteel women to pluck these hairs, as they were considered unsightly. The lamp has a Colour Rendering Index up to 98, and minimizes infrared and ultraviolet radiation which could otherwise degrade the painting. The unconstrained poplar panel warped freely with changes in humidity, and as a result, a crack developed near the top of the panel, extending down to the hairline of the figure. The Mona Lisa hangs behind bulletproof glass in a gallery of the Louvre Museum in Paris, where it has been a part of the museum’s collection since 1804. [84] The painting was protected by glass because a few years earlier a man who claimed to be in love with the painting had cut it with a razor blade and tried to steal it. He likely worked on it intermittently over several years, … ...The Mona Lisa The Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci was painted in Florence between 1503 and 1505. Indeed, the museum considers the Mona Lisa irreplaceable and thus spends its resources on preventive measures to maintain the portrait rather than on expensive insurance that can only offer mere money as a replacement. [37], There has been much speculation regarding the painting's model and landscape. The work involved cleaning with spirits, touch-up of colour, and revarnishing the painting. The actual spelling is Monna Lisa. Adrienne Walker Five centuries after Leonardo da Vinci painted the Mona Lisa (1503–19), the portrait hangs behind bulletproof glass within the Louvre Museum and draws thousands of … [14], In response to the announcement of the discovery of this document, Vincent Delieuvin, the Louvre representative, stated "Leonardo da Vinci was painting, in 1503, the portrait of a Florentine lady by the name of Lisa del Giocondo. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Art conservation and restoration: Paintings, Overview of the theories about who is depicted in Leonardo da Vinci's famous. The painting is claimed by a majority of experts to be mostly an original work of Leonardo dating from the early 16th century. "[63] Nevertheless, applications of varnish made to the painting had darkened even by the end of the 16th century, and an aggressive 1809 cleaning and revarnishing removed some of the uppermost portion of the paint layer, resulting in a washed-out appearance to the face of the figure. Zollner gives a date of c. 1504, most others say c. 1506, CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (, Costanza d'Avalos, Duchess of Francavilla, National Museum of Art, Architecture and Design, "The Mona Lisa's Twin Painting Discovered", "The Theft That Made Mona Lisa a Masterpiece", "Mona Lisa – Portrait of Lisa Gherardini, wife of Francesco del Giocondo", "Mona Lisa – Heidelberger find clarifies identity", "Highest insurance valuation for a painting", "Mona Lisa – Heidelberg discovery confirms identity", "German experts crack the ID of 'Mona Lisa, "Riddle of Mona Lisa is finally solved: she was the mother of five", "Mona Lisa backdrop depicts Italian town of Bobbio, claims art historian", "Leonardo's Portrait of Mona Lisa del Giocondo", "Solved: Why Mona Lisa doesn't have eyebrows", "Lurking Beneath the 'Mona Lisa' May Be the Real One", "BBC NEWS – Entertainment – Mona Lisa smile secrets revealed", "Researchers identify landscape behind the Mona Lisa", "Da Vinci 'paralysis left Mona Lisa unfinished, "A Portrait of Leonardo da Vinci May Reveal Why He Never Finished the Mona Lisa", "Leonardo da Vinci never finished the Mona Lisa because he injured his arm while fainting, experts say", "Mona Lisa: A comparative evaluation of the different versions and copies", "Leonardo da Vinci's portrait of Mona Lisa de Giocondo", "The Theft That Made The 'Mona Lisa' A Masterpiece", "The French Burglar Who Pulled Off His Generation's Biggest Art Heist", "Top 25 Crimes of the Century: Stealing the Mona Lisa, 1911", "Review: The Lost Mona Lisa: The Extraordinary True Story of the Greatest Art Theft in History by RA Scotti", "100 Years Ago: The Mastermind Behind the Mona Lisa Heist | The Saturday Evening Post", "Russian tourist hurls mug at Mona Lisa in Louvre", "Will new Mona Lisa queuing system in restored Louvre gallery bring a smile back to visitors' faces?
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